Question 1

What is the difference between the electronic cash ledger and the electronic credit ledger?

Accepted Answer

The electronic cash ledger reflects actual money you have deposited through challans, plus TDS and TCS credits you have accepted; it can pay tax, interest, penalty, late fee and any other amount. The electronic credit ledger reflects input tax credit claimed through your returns, and it can be used only for paying output tax, never for interest, penalty or late fee. Both are visible under Services, then Ledgers, after login. Refund of an excess cash balance is possible, while credit is refundable only in specified cases such as exports and inverted duty structure.

Question 2

What is the GST rate on a works contract for a commercial building?

Accepted Answer

Under GST, a works contract relating to immovable property is treated wholly as a supply of services, and the standard rate is 18 percent on the contract value, with the contractor eligible for input tax credit on cement, steel and other inputs. This applies to construction, fabrication, erection, repair and renovation contracts for factories, offices and commercial buildings. The old VAT-plus-service-tax splitting of material and labour is gone; one rate applies to the whole consideration. Contractors should also note that free-issue materials supplied by the client can affect valuation, so contract drafting deserves attention before quoting.

Question 3

Our head office in Thirumullaivoyal supports branches in other states. Is a cross-charge invoice really required?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Branches with separate GSTINs are distinct persons, and Schedule I treats supplies between them as taxable even without consideration. Services your head office renders to branches, such as accounting, IT support or management oversight, should be cross-charged through a tax invoice with IGST, which the branch claims as credit. On valuation, Rule 28 helps: where the recipient branch is entitled to full ITC, the value declared on the invoice is deemed to be the open market value, and Circular 199/11/2023 clarifies that internally generated services need not include the salary cost of head office employees. A documented cross-charge policy keeps audits short; call +91 - 9600 606 444 to set one up.

Question 4

What are the GST rates on gold, silver and diamond jewellery?

Accepted Answer

The special rates on precious metals were retained in the GST 2.0 restructuring. Gold, silver and articles of jewellery attract 3 percent GST, rough and unworked diamonds attract 0.25 percent, and jewellery making charges billed separately attract 5 percent. When a jeweller bills a customer, the metal value and making charges can appear as separate line items with their respective rates on the same tax invoice. Old gold purchased from an unregistered customer in exchange transactions does not attract GST in the customer's hands, but valuation of the net supply must be documented carefully.

Question 5

How do I file Form PMT-09 to move money between heads in my cash ledger?

Accepted Answer

Log in and open Services, then Ledgers, then Electronic Cash Ledger, and select File GST PMT-09 for transfer of amount. The screen shows your balance under each major and minor head. Choose the transfer-from head and amount, choose the transfer-to head, add the details to the table, preview and file with DSC or EVC. The transfer reflects in the ledger immediately and an ARN is generated for your records. There is no limit on how often PMT-09 can be filed, and no government fee applies, so it is always the first fix for a wrong-head deposit.

Question 6

Where is the place of supply for services connected to a building or land?

Accepted Answer

Services directly relating to immovable property, including those of architects, interior decorators, engineers, surveyors, construction and works contract services, renting, and accommodation in hotels, are supplied where the property is located, under Section 12(3). The recipient's location and registration are irrelevant. So a Thirumullaivoyal architect designing a factory in Coimbatore charges CGST plus SGST of Tamil Nadu, but for a project in Kochi the place of supply is Kerala and IGST applies. For hotels, the state where the hotel stands is always the place of supply, which is why accommodation is invariably billed with that state's local taxes regardless of where the guest's business is registered.

Question 7

What is the penalty for running a business without GST registration?

Accepted Answer

A taxable person who is liable to register but fails to do so faces a penalty of Rs.10,000 or the amount of tax evaded, whichever is higher, under Section 122 of the CGST Act. Beyond the penalty, the department can demand the tax for the entire unregistered period with interest at 18 percent per annum, and you cannot recover that tax from customers you billed without GST. Goods moved without registration and e-way bills, required for consignments above Rs.50,000, also risk detention. If your turnover has crossed the threshold, registering within thirty days is far cheaper than regularising later.

Question 8

My customer says he cannot claim ITC because of my late filing. Is that correct?

Accepted Answer

Yes, he is right. A buyer can claim input tax credit only for invoices appearing in his GSTR-2B, which is generated from suppliers' GSTR-1 and IFF filings. If you file GSTR-1 after the 11th, your invoices miss that month's GSTR-2B and your customer's credit gets pushed to the next month, straining his working capital. Repeated delays lead buyers to withhold the GST portion of payments or move to more compliant vendors. Timely GSTR-1 filing is therefore a commercial necessity, not just a legal one. ChennaiGST ensures clients in Thirumullaivoyal never face this complaint.

Question 9

Which daily-use grocery items became cheaper under GST from September 2025?

Accepted Answer

The 56th GST Council's rationalisation, effective 22 September 2025, moved a large basket of daily essentials from 12% or 18% down to 5%, including butter, ghee, cheese, namkeens, sauces, pasta, chocolates, biscuits, cornflakes, hair oil, shampoo, soaps and toothpaste. UHT milk, pre-packaged paneer and all Indian breads such as roti, chapati and paratha became nil rated. Aerated and caffeinated beverages, by contrast, went to the 40% demerit rate. Grocery and supermarket billing masters needed a near-complete refresh from that date, and old stock is simply sold at the new rate applicable on the date of supply.

Question 10

We conduct training programmes and events in different cities. Which state's GST applies?

Accepted Answer

Two rules operate. For admission to an event, including tickets to exhibitions or conferences, the place of supply is where the event is held. For organising an event or providing training, the place of supply is the registered recipient's location when the client is registered; if the client is unregistered, it shifts to the venue where the event or training is actually performed. So a Thirumullaivoyal trainer running a workshop in Hyderabad for a registered Chennai company charges CGST plus SGST of Tamil Nadu, but the same workshop sold to unregistered individuals is taxed in Telangana. Invoice each engagement after checking the client's registration.

Question 11

What is the place of supply for freight and courier charges on goods?

Accepted Answer

For transportation of goods, including by courier, Section 12(8) fixes the place of supply as the location of the recipient where the recipient is registered. Where the recipient is unregistered, it is the location where the goods are handed over for transportation. So a registered Thirumullaivoyal manufacturer paying a transporter for a Chennai-to-Delhi movement has Tamil Nadu as the place of supply, and the RCM liability is paid as CGST plus SGST if the transporter is also in Tamil Nadu. This rule matters chiefly for paying reverse charge on GTA freight under the correct heads, because paying IGST where CGST and SGST were due creates a refund-and-repay exercise later.

Question 12

We pay for foreign software subscriptions and overseas consultants. Is GST payable in India?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Import of services, meaning services from a supplier located outside India received by a person in India for business, attracts IGST under reverse charge in the recipient's hands, payable in cash and claimable as ITC if eligible. This catches cloud software, foreign professional fees, overseas advertising and licence fees. Two nuances matter: services from a related foreign party, such as your parent company, are taxable even without consideration under Schedule I, and OIDAR services supplied to unregistered consumers are taxed in the foreign supplier's own hands, not under RCM. Startups and IT firms in Thirumullaivoyal paying by card frequently miss these entries; reconcile foreign remittances against RCM paid annually.

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What the Department and the Courts Have Said — relevant to Thirumullaivoyal businesses

Nine-judge Bench overrules the compensatory tax doctrine on freedom of trade

Textile rate increase deferred on the eve of implementation; existing rates continue

Soap, shampoo, hair oil and toothpaste cut to 5 per cent

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