Question 1

Our company paid fees to a lawyer. Who pays the GST on this?

Accepted Answer

You do, as the recipient. Legal services supplied by an individual advocate, a firm of advocates or a senior advocate to a business entity are notified under Section 9(3), so the advocate does not charge GST and your business pays 18 percent under reverse charge in cash through GSTR-3B, claiming it back as ITC if otherwise eligible. Relief exists for small recipients: legal services to a business entity whose turnover is within the registration threshold are exempt. Since the advocate is usually unregistered, remember to raise a self-invoice and payment voucher for the transaction. Litigation-heavy businesses in Foreshore Estate should reconcile their legal expense ledger against RCM paid every quarter.

Question 2

What is the place of supply for freight and courier charges on goods?

Accepted Answer

For transportation of goods, including by courier, Section 12(8) fixes the place of supply as the location of the recipient where the recipient is registered. Where the recipient is unregistered, it is the location where the goods are handed over for transportation. So a registered Foreshore Estate manufacturer paying a transporter for a Chennai-to-Delhi movement has Tamil Nadu as the place of supply, and the RCM liability is paid as CGST plus SGST if the transporter is also in Tamil Nadu. This rule matters chiefly for paying reverse charge on GTA freight under the correct heads, because paying IGST where CGST and SGST were due creates a refund-and-repay exercise later.

Question 3

My customer in Mumbai asked me to deliver goods directly to his buyer in Foreshore Estate. How do I bill this?

Accepted Answer

This is a bill-to ship-to transaction under Section 10(1)(b). When goods are delivered to a third party on the instruction of your customer, the law deems your customer's principal place of business as the place of supply, not the actual delivery point. So you invoice the Mumbai customer with IGST even though the goods physically moved within Tamil Nadu, and the Mumbai customer raises a second invoice on the ultimate recipient in Foreshore Estate. Only one e-way bill is needed for the movement, generated by either party with both invoice legs captured. Wrongly billing the delivery-point state is a classic error that misplaces the credit chain entirely.

Question 4

What is the difference between ISD and cross-charge, and when is each used?

Accepted Answer

They solve different problems. The Input Service Distributor mechanism distributes credit on third-party input services received at the head office but consumed by branches, such as an audit fee or software licence billed centrally; the ISD passes the credit itself through ISD invoices and GSTR-6, without charging tax again. Cross-charge applies where the head office performs a service for branches using its own resources; here the head office makes an outward supply, issues a tax invoice with tax, and the branch claims ITC. With ISD distribution mandatory for common third-party input services from 1 April 2025, businesses must now run both mechanisms side by side, each for its correct category.

Question 5

Which food items became completely tax-free under GST 2.0?

Accepted Answer

From 22 September 2025, UHT milk, pre-packaged and labelled paneer and chena, and all Indian breads including roti, chapati, paratha and khakhra attract nil GST. In the pharma space, thirty-three notified lifesaving drugs and medicines for cancer and rare diseases also moved to nil rate. Remember that selling nil-rated goods still has compliance effects: you issue a bill of supply instead of a tax invoice for such items, and input tax credit attributable to nil-rated supplies must be reversed proportionately under Rules 42 and 43. Grocery retailers in Foreshore Estate commonly need help splitting mixed billing correctly.

Question 6

When can goods move on a delivery challan instead of a tax invoice?

Accepted Answer

Rule 55 permits movement on a delivery challan where the transportation is not itself a supply: sending inputs or capital goods for job work, taking goods to an exhibition or for approval where the sale is not yet certain, supplying liquid gas where the quantity is unknown at removal, and moving goods in semi-knocked-down form in multiple consignments, where the full invoice travels with the first lot. The challan is prepared in triplicate and an e-way bill is still required where value thresholds are crossed. Goods sent on approval must be invoiced within six months, failing which tax becomes payable.

Question 7

What GST rate applies to cars and two-wheelers now?

Accepted Answer

Small cars, meaning petrol cars up to 1200cc and diesel cars up to 1500cc with length not exceeding 4 metres, attract 18 percent GST, down sharply from the earlier 28 percent plus cess. Larger cars, SUVs above these specifications, attract the 40 percent rate, but with the compensation cess gone, the overall burden on most of them is still lower than before. Motorcycles up to 350cc are at 18 percent, while those above 350cc attract 40 percent. Electric vehicles continue at a concessional 5 percent. Dealers must also apply these rates to demo vehicle sales.

Question 8

I buy electronics stock from distributors in other states. How does the IGST on purchases work for me?

Accepted Answer

Inter-state purchases carry IGST, which flows into your GSTR-2B once the distributor files GSTR-1, and it is fully available as input tax credit. When you sell locally in Tamil Nadu you charge CGST and SGST, and the law lets you use IGST credit against both, with the portal applying the set-off order automatically. There is no cost disadvantage in buying from out-of-state distributors, provided they are compliant filers; a distributor who files late delays your credit by a month. Track supplier filing discipline as part of vendor selection. Retailers in Foreshore Estate can call +91 - 9600 606 444 for a supplier compliance scorecard.

Question 9

My customer says he cannot claim ITC because of my late filing. Is that correct?

Accepted Answer

Yes, he is right. A buyer can claim input tax credit only for invoices appearing in his GSTR-2B, which is generated from suppliers' GSTR-1 and IFF filings. If you file GSTR-1 after the 11th, your invoices miss that month's GSTR-2B and your customer's credit gets pushed to the next month, straining his working capital. Repeated delays lead buyers to withhold the GST portion of payments or move to more compliant vendors. Timely GSTR-1 filing is therefore a commercial necessity, not just a legal one. ChennaiGST ensures clients in Foreshore Estate never face this complaint.

Question 10

We sponsored a trade event. Does reverse charge apply to the sponsorship amount?

Accepted Answer

If your business is a body corporate or partnership firm, sponsorship services received are notified under Section 9(3) and you must pay 18 percent GST under reverse charge, with ITC available since sponsorship is a marketing expense. One recent change matters: with effect from 16 January 2025, sponsorship services provided by a body corporate were moved to forward charge, so if the event organiser billing you is a company, it now charges GST on its invoice and RCM does not apply. Where the provider is a proprietor, trust or society, RCM continues. Verify the organiser's constitution before booking the entry, and raise a self-invoice where the provider is unregistered.

Question 11

What is the penalty for running a business without GST registration?

Accepted Answer

A taxable person who is liable to register but fails to do so faces a penalty of Rs.10,000 or the amount of tax evaded, whichever is higher, under Section 122 of the CGST Act. Beyond the penalty, the department can demand the tax for the entire unregistered period with interest at 18 percent per annum, and you cannot recover that tax from customers you billed without GST. Goods moved without registration and e-way bills, required for consignments above Rs.50,000, also risk detention. If your turnover has crossed the threshold, registering within thirty days is far cheaper than regularising later.

Question 12

What is the GST rate for restaurants and food delivery now?

Accepted Answer

Standalone restaurants, eateries and cloud kitchens charge 5 percent GST without input tax credit. Restaurants located in hotels where the room tariff exceeds Rs.7,500 per day fall in the specified premises category and charge 18 percent with input tax credit. Food ordered through e-commerce operators such as Swiggy and Zomato is taxed at 5 percent, with the platform liable to pay the tax on restaurant services supplied through it. A restaurant in Foreshore Estate paying 5 percent must remember that GST on its rent, gas and equipment purchases becomes a cost, since credit is barred.

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Recent GST Law You Should Know — relevant to Foreshore Estate businesses

Printing leaflets on the printer's own paper attracts 18 percent

Electric vehicles and chargers cut to 5 per cent

Constitution Bench rules that ambiguity in an exemption notification favours the department

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